BATTLES OF THE PROPHET SERIES
(An Introduction to the Jews of Banu
Quraizah by Gawaher.com)
THE
BATTLE OF BANU QURAIZAH
(The angels under Archangel Gabriel again participated in the
seige of Banu Quraizah.)
Excerpt from the book "The Battles Of The
Prophet"
by Ibn Kathir as translated by Wa'il Abdul-Mut'aal
Shihab
The author, Abu Al-Fida Imad Ad-Din Isma'il bin Umar bin Kathir
Al-Qurashi Al-Busrawi was born in 1301 in Busra, Syria.
Considered as one of the great Muslim scholars, Ibn Kathir wrote
the famous Tafsir al-Quran al-Adhim, now popularly known as
Tafsir Ibn Kathir. His other popular works include the 14-volume
Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah (The Beginning and the End) - considered
one of the most authoritative sources on Islamic history, and
Al-Sira An-Nabawiyyah (Life of the Prophet.) The book Battles of
the Prophet is a part of Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah. Ibn Kathir died
in the year 774 AH (1373 CE).
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In the Glorious Qur'an, Allah, Most
High, says,
.And
Allah turned back the unbelievers for (all) their fury: no
advantage did they gain; and enough is Allah for the
believers in their fight. And Allah is Full of Strength,
Exalted in Might. And those of the people of the Book who
aided them ‑
Allah did take them down from their strongholds and
cast terror into their hearts, (so that) some ye slew, and
some ye made captives. And He made you heirs of their lands,
their houses, and their goods, and of a land which ye had
not frequented (before). And Allah has Power over all
things.
(Al-Ahzab: 25-27)
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In Sahih. Al-Bukhari, we read the following narrations regarding
the battle of Quraizah:
Aishah
(may Allah be pleased with her) reported that when the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) returned from Al-Khandaq
and laid down his arms and took a bath, Gabriel came and said
(to the Prophet), "You have laid down your arms? By Allah, we
angels have not laid them down yet. So set out for them." The
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, "Where
to go?" Gabriel said, "Towards this side," pointing towards Banu
Quraizah. So the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him) went out towards them."
Anas
(may Allah be pleased with him) said, "As if I am just now
looking at the dust rising in the street of Banu Ghanm (in
Madinah) because of the marching of Gabriel's regiment when
Allah's Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) set
out to Banu Quraizah (to attack them)."
Likewise,
Ibn ' Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that on the
day of Al-Ahzab (i.e., clans) the Prophet (peace and blessings
of Allah be upon him) said,
"None of you (Muslims) should offer the `Asr Prayer but at Banu
Quraizah's place."
The
'Asr Prayer became due for some of them on the way. Some of
those said, "We will not offer it until we reach it, the place
of Banu Quraizah," while some others said, "No, we will pray at
this spot, for the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him) did not mean that for us. " Later on, it was mentioned to
the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and he
did not berate any of the two groups.
The
Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
besieged them for twenty-five nights until they were sore
pressed and Allah cast terror into their hearts. Consequently,
they submitted to the Messenger's judgment. The tribe of Al-Aws
leapt up and said, "0 Messenger of Allah, they are our allies,
not allies of Al-Khazrj, and you know how you recently treated
the allies of our brethren (i.e., his pardon about Banu Qanuqa')."
Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be
upon him) said,
"0
will you be satisfied, 0 Aws, if one of your own tribe
pronounces judgment on them?"
When
they agreed he said that Sa' d Ibn Mu' adh was that man.
Al-Bukhari
narrated on the authority of Abu Sa' id Al-Khudari (may Allah be
pleased with him) who said that the people of (Banu) Quraizah
agreed to accept the verdict of Sa'd Ibn Mu' adh. So the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sent for Sa'd, and
the latter came (riding) a donkey and when he approached the
Mosque, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
said to the Ansar,
"Get
up for your chief or for the best among you."
Then
the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said (to
Sa'd),
"These
(i.e., Banu Quraizah) have agreed to accept your verdict."
Sa'd
said, "Kill their (men) warriors and take their offspring as
captives!" On that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be
upon him) said,
"You
have judged according to Allah's Judgment," or said, "according
to the King's judgment."
Moreover,
' Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said, "Sa' d was
wounded on the day of Khandaq when a man from Quraish, called
Hibban Ibn Al-' Araqah hit him (with an arrow). The man was
Hibban Ibn Qais from (the tribe of) Bani Mais Ibn ' Amir Ibn
Lu'ai who shot an arrow at Sa'd's main artery of the arm. The
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) pitched a
tent (for Sa'd) in the Mosque so that he might be near to the
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to visit.
When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
returned from the (battle) of Al‑ Khandaq and laid down his arms
and took a bath. Gabriel came to him while he (i.e., Gabriel)
was shaking the dust off his head, and said, 'You have laid down
the arms? By Allah, I have not laid them down. Go out to them
(to attack them).' The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be
upon him) said, `Where?' Gabriel pointed towards Banu Quraizah.
So Allah's Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
went to them (i.e., besieged them). They then surrendered to the
Prophet's judgment but he directed them to Sa'd to give his
verdict concerning them. Sa'd said, 'I give my judgment that
their warriors should be killed, their women and children should
be taken as captives, and their properties distributed.'"
Hisham
said, 'My father informed me that Aishah said, 'Saf d said, '0
Allah! You know that there is nothing more beloved to me than to
fight in Your Cause against those who disbelieved Your Messenger
and turned him out (of Makkah). 0 Allah! I think you have put to
an end the fight between us and them (i.e., Quraish infidels).
And if there still remains any fight with the Quraish
(infidels), then keep me alive until I fight against them for
Your Sake. But if you have brought the war to an end, then let
this wound burst and cause my death thereby.' So blood gushed
from the wound. There was a tent in the Mosque belonging to Banu
Ghifar who were surprised by the blood flowing towards them.
They said, '0 people of the tent! What is this thing which is
coming to us from your side? Behold! Blood was flowing profusely
out of Sa' d's wound.' Sa' d then died because of that."
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